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Skin Cancer Awareness and Precautions

May 22nd, 2023

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Skin Cancer Awareness and Precautions

Monday, May 22nd, 2023

Statistics suggest that India witnesses more than 10 lakh new melanoma cases each year. Most skin cancer is treatable when it is detected early. Skin cancer is a growing concern worldwide, with increasing cases reported each year. Fortunately, there are several preventive measures and precautions that can significantly reduce the risk of developing skin cancer. By adopting these strategies, you can protect yourself and your loved ones from this potentially deadly disease.

Skin cancer is a disease that involves the growth of abnormal cells in your skin tissues. Normally, new skin cells form to replace old ones as they age and die. Cells multiply more quickly when this process isn’t functioning properly, such as when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun. These cells could be benign, meaning they don’t spread or damage others. They might also be malignant. If skin cancer is not detected in its early stages, it may spread to surrounding tissue or other parts of your body. 

Types of skin cancer

There are three main types of skin cancer, these include:

  • Basal cell carcinoma
    This occurs in your basal cells in the lower part of your epidermis (the outside layer of your skin).
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
    This occurs in your squamous cells in the outside layer of your skin.
  • Melanoma
    This occurs in the in melanocytes cells in your body. Melanocytes make melanin, a brown pigment that gives your skin its color and protects against some of the sun’s damaging UV rays. This is the most serious type of skin cancer as it can spread to other areas of your body.

Symptoms of skin cancer

The most common warning sign of skin cancer is a change on your skin, any new growth or a change in an existing growth or mole. Skin cancer symptoms include:

  • A new mole. Or a mole that changes in size, shape or color, or that bleeds.
  • A waxy bump on your face, ears or neck.
  • A flat, pink or red coloured patch or bump.
  • Areas on your skin that appear like scars.
  • Sores those look crusty.
  • Unhealing wounds or sores.
  • A rough, scaly lesion that might itch.

Here are the signs of the ABCDE to watch for:

  • Asymmetry: Irregular shape.
  • Border: Blurry or irregularly shaped edges.
  • Color: Mole with more than one color.
  • Diameter: Larger than a pencil eraser.
  • Evolution: Enlarging, changing in shape, color or size. 

Risk factors of skin cancer

Depending on their skin type, the season, and the length of time they are exposed to UV radiation, people may burn or tan. Skin cancer can affect anyone, although some people are more susceptible than others. These include:

  • A lighter natural skin color.
  • Skin that can become uncomfortable in the sun, burn, freckle, or redden easily.
  • Blue or green eyes.
  • Blond or red hair.
  • A large number of moles.
  • A family history of skin cancer.
  • A personal history of skin cancer.
  • Older age.

If you detect any changes in your skin, such as a new growth, a sore that doesn’t heal, a change in an existing growth, or any of the A, B, C, D, or E symptoms of melanoma, speak with your doctor.

Health precautions for skin cancer

Skin cancer is a preventable disease, and by implementing these preventive measures, raising awareness, and taking necessary precautions, you can significantly reduce the risk. Remember, protecting your skin is a lifelong commitment, and these simple steps can have a profound impact on your well-being and longevity. Stay sun-safe and prioritize your skin health!

  • Wear sunscreen
  • Avoid sun at peak timings
  • Conduct self-examination
  • Avoid tanning Beds
  • Protect children
  • Use hats and caps
  • Wear protective clothing

Skin cancer treatment at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital

A diagnosis of cancer can feel overwhelming. The treatment of skin cancer depends on the type of cancer, the size of the cancer, the growth pattern of the cancer as well as the location. At our Centre for Cancer, we specialize in providing exceptional care and cutting-edge treatments for patients battling skin cancer, ensuring the best possible outcomes. With a team of experienced oncologists, state-of-the-art technology, and a patient-centered approach, we are dedicated to offering comprehensive and personalized treatment plans for individuals diagnosed with skin cancer. We work together as a team to design an individualized treatment plan for you using the most advanced therapies. Our hospital is committed to making a difference in the lives of skin cancer patients, providing compassionate support, innovative therapies, and a healing environment to promote their well-being and recovery. Please find the below website link for further information: https://www.kokilabenhospital.com/departments/centresofexcellence/centrefor_cancer/skincancer.html

Thalassemia Awareness

Monday, May 8th, 2023

Each year, at least 10,000 children are born in India with Thalassemia Major. The prevalence of thalassemia carrier status is about 3 to 18 % in our population. Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that affects your body’s ability to produce hemoglobin and healthy red blood cell. Individuals with thalassemia disease are unable to make enough hemoglobin, which leads to severe anaemia. Hemoglobin helps carry oxygen to all the parts of the body. Low hemoglobin levels make your organs starved for oxygen and they are unable to function properly.

Types of Thalassemia

There are two primary types of Thalassemia disease:

  • Alpha Thalassemia disease
  • Beta Thalassemia disease

Alpha and beta thalassemia are two types of thalassemia, which are inherited blood disorders that affect the production of hemoglobin. The difference between alpha and beta thalassemia lies in which part of the hemoglobin molecule is affected. Alpha thalassemia is caused by mutations in the genes that produce alpha globin, which is a component of the hemoglobin molecule. Beta thalassemia is caused by mutations in the genes that produce beta globin, which is another component of the hemoglobin molecule.

Individuals with alpha thalassemia may have mild to severe anemia, while those with beta thalassemia typically have more severe symptoms. The severity of thalassemia depends on how many abnormal genes a person has inherited. Both types of thalassemia require appropriate medical management, which may include regular blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy, and other treatments to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Thalassemia Symptoms

If both parents have thalassemia minor or are carriers of the trait, the child is at risk of developing thalassemia major. Children with Thalassemia Major typically exhibit failure to thrive, show weight loss, irritability, poor feeding, and pale appearance by the time they are 6 months old. On examination, they would have a noticeable anaemia as well as an enlarged liver and spleen. Here are some common signs and symptoms of thalassemia:

  • Fatigue
  • Weakness
  • Slow growth
  • Pale or yellowish skin
  • Facial bone deformities
  • Abdominal swelling
  • Dark urine

Causes of Thalassemia:

Genetic mutations are known to affect the production of hemoglobin that lead to thalassemia. Individuals with thalassemia inherit one or more abnormal hemoglobin genes from their parents, which affects the amount and quality of hemoglobin in their red blood cells.

How is Thalassaemia diagnosed?

Thalassemia can be diagnosed through a blood test that measures the amount and quality of hemoglobin in the blood. Additional tests, such as genetic testing and bone marrow biopsy, may be necessary to determine the type and severity of thalassemia.

How can Thalassaemia be prevented?

Thalassemia is an inherited disorder, so prevention strategies focus on genetic counseling and testing. Individuals with a family history of thalassemia should consider genetic testing before starting a family to determine their risk of passing the disorder on to their children. It is recommended to get checked thalassaemia carrier status before starting a family to help save a child from becoming a patient of thalassaemia Major – an unending cycle of blood transfusions. In each pregnancy between partners who are thalassemia carriers, there is a one in four (25%) chance that their child will have normal blood, a two in four (50%) chance that the child will have thalassemia minor or a one in four (25%) chance that the child will have thalassemia major.

Treatment of Thalassemia at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital

The treatment for thalassemia depends on the type and severity of the disorder. Individuals with mild thalassemia may not require treatment, while those with severe thalassemia may require blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy, bone marrow transplant, or other treatments to manage their symptoms and prevent complications. Consult specialists at our Thalassemia Clinic for the best thalassemia care in Mumbai. Raising awareness about thalassemia is an important step in promoting early diagnosis and improving treatment outcomes. Please find below links for further details:

https://www.kokilabenhospital.com/departments/clinicaldepartments/transfusionmedicine.html

https://www.kokilabenhospital.com/departments/centresofexcellence/centrefor_transplant.html

Asthma – Do’s and Don’ts

Wednesday, May 3rd, 2023

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects many people around the world. 3.4 crore Indians suffer from this respiratory condition contributing to around 11.1 per cent of the global asthma burden. It is a condition that causes the airways to become inflamed and narrow, making it difficult to breathe. Wheezing and shortness of breath are brought on by the irritated and constricted airways that result from the inflammation, which makes it difficult for air to enter and exit the body. Additionally, due to the inflammation, the airways produce mucus, which leads to coughing and obstructs airflow. Patients with asthma frequently experience abrupt bouts of shortness of breath and breathlessness. While there is no cure for asthma, there are steps that asthma patients can take to manage their condition and reduce the risk of asthma attacks.

Symptoms of Asthma

Asthma symptoms can be seen in childhood or can also be detected later in life. Most asthma patients rely on inhalers to get instant relief from asthma attacks. The typical symptoms of asthma include:

  • Wheezing
  • Troubled breathing
  • Shortness of breath
  • Panting
  • Cough with or without mucus

Common Asthma triggers

Asthma patients must evaluate and find out what makes their asthma worse and what triggers its symptoms. Here are some common asthma triggers:

  • Common infections such as cold, cough
  • Pollens and moulds
  • Stress
  • Allergies to animals like cats or dog
  • Allergy to dust mites
  • Certain medications
  • Fumes from paints and solvents
  • Feathers and foams

Asthma Precautions

During an asthma attack, it is essential that patients use medications on time. Patients should avoid physical exertion and make sure they are not alone when having an asthma episode. The patient’s condition will get worse if they panic when they are having an episode. Patients with asthma must always have their inhalers close at hand so they may use them in case of an attack and stop their asthma or other respiratory conditions from growing worse. Here are some dos and don’ts for asthma patients to help manage their condition better:

Do’s for asthma patients

Asthma patients must:

  • Identify and avoid triggers
  • Keep a written asthma action plan
  • Maintain a healthy sleep routine
  • Stay active
  • Eat  a health and balanced diet
  • Keep the house clean and dust free
  • Try and stay in pollution free environment
  • Regularly consult the doctor
  • Keep inhalers handy
  • Take medicines as prescribed

Don’ts for asthma patients

  • Do not disrupt your regular routine
  • Refrain from smoking and drinking
  • Do not overeat or have spicy food
  • Do not forget to take medications on time
  • Don’t delay seeking care for asthma attack
  • Don’t forget to clean your inhaler
  • Don’t use scented products

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that requires ongoing management. By following these dos and don’ts, asthma patients can help manage their condition and reduce the risk of asthma attacks. Remember to always consult your doctor before making any changes to your asthma treatment plan. With proper management, people with asthma are able to lead active and healthy lives.

Asthma treatment at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital

Asthma symptoms and its severity usually differ from person to person. Consult highly trained and experienced pulmonologists at our Department of Pulmonary Medicine to meet the best asthma specialists in Mumbai. Our team offers a detailed asthma management action plan that helps manage your trigger better and minimize the asthma attacks. We also guide patients with emergency asthma care instructions and proper use of inhalers.

Stress and Infertility

Wednesday, April 26th, 2023

One in every 15 Indian couples are said to be struggling with infertility. With a population of over 2.7 crore infertile people including men and women infertility is a societal health concern in India. Lack of awareness, delayed diagnosis as well as hesitance to seek assisted reproductive treatment is adding to this health concern. The increasing rates of infertility is exacerbated by late marriages, hectic professional commitments, demanding lifestyles, obesity, increased stress levels, poor eating habits as well as bad lifestyle choices such as smoking, drinking, etc.

What is Infertility?
A couple is considered infertile if they regularly engage in unprotected sexual activity yet are nonetheless unable to conceive. Infertility is known to be caused by 40–50% anomalies of the female reproductive system and about 20% faulty sperm. Age is one of the main risk factors that can affect a person’s fertility. After the age of 50, a man’s fertility starts to diminish, whereas a woman’s fertility starts to decline after the age of 32 and keeps declining after that.

Stress and Fertility

Medical research suggests that a woman’s daily stress levels are linked to a decreased probability of getting pregnant. For example, women who had higher amounts of the stress-marking enzyme alpha-amylase in their saliva took longer to become pregnant than those who had lower levels. Further stress in either of the partners makes it less likely to have sex and more likely to use and abuse substances such as alcohol, tobacco, or caffeine.

Small levels of stress from time to time should not affect your fertility. However extreme levels of chronic stress on an ongoing basis do hamper your fertility levels. Here are the two things which occur during chronic stress that affect your chances of getting pregnant:

  • A decreased sex drive
    This can be distressing, especially if you are trying for a baby.
  • Anovulation
    If you’re not ovulating, there is no release of egg and you can’t get pregnant.

Stress hormones, such as cortisol and epinephrine, rise during challenging situations, and may affect one’s fertility in a negative way. Reducing stress is a great way to increase blood flow to the reproductive organs, and thereby increase the supply of nutrients in those regions.

How infertility causes stress?

Infertility is often a silent struggle faced by both the partners. Patients who are struggling to conceive report feelings of depression, anxiety and isolation. Women with infertility usually report elevated levels of anxiety and depression due to societal pressure and feelings of frustration and sadness.

How to manage stress?

It is definitive that infertility leads to significant mental stress which need timely interventions that help improve your fertility levels. Dr. Hitesha Ramnani Rohira, Consultant- IVF at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai shares some stress busting techniques recommended to fertility patients:

  • Acupuncture 
  • Collaboration with experts in stress reduction
  • Journaling
  • Listening to music
  • Massage therapy
  • Meditation
  • Mind-body groups
  • Mindfulness
  • Progressive muscle relaxation
  • Psychotherapy and cognitive behavioural therapy
  • Self-help books
  • Support/educational groups
  • Walking/hiking
  • Yoga

Fertility care at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai

Experiencing infertility can be stressful and can impact various aspects of a couple’s life. The Department for Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility (CREF) offers hope and support to couples struggling to conceive. Our team of specialists provide a comprehensive and advanced range of diagnostic and treatment options to address various fertility issues, including assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intrauterine insemination (IUI), and egg and sperm donation. CREF is staffed by a full-time consultant reproductive endocrinologist and infertility specialist, embryologist, IVF coordinator, nurses trained in caring for patients with endocrine and infertility issues. Additionally our team also offers Integrative Medicine in addition to medical therapies and a specially tailored Mind-Body Program for infertile couples to provide emotional support to patients.

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