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World Parkinson’s Day

Apr 10th, 2020

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World Parkinson’s Day

Friday, April 10th, 2020

World Parkinson’s Day 2020 is on Saturday, 11 April 2020. Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurogenerative disease that causes nerve cells (or neurons) in the area of the brain that controls movement to weaken and/or die. While healthy neurons produce a chemical called dopamine, which the brain needs a certain amount to regulate movement, weakened neurons produce lower levels of dopamine. What causes these neurons to weaken is currently unknown.

Although Parkinson’s disease can’t be cured, medications and therapy helps control the symptoms. Occasionally, the doctor may suggest surgery to regulate certain regions of your brain and improve your symptoms.

Symptoms

Parkinson’s disease signs and symptoms can be different for everyone. Early signs may be mild and go unnoticed. Here are the few signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s:

  • Tremor – A tremor, or shaking, usually begins in a limb, often your hand or fingers. Your hand may tremor when it’s at rest.
  • Slowed movement (bradykinesia) – Over time, Parkinson’s disease may slow your movement, making simple tasks difficult and time-consuming.
  • Rigid muscles – Muscle stiffness may occur in any part of your body. The stiff muscles can be painful and limit your range of motion.
  • Impaired posture and balance – Your posture may become stooped, or you may have balance problems as a result of Parkinson’s disease.
  • Loss of automatic movements – You may have a decreased ability to perform unconscious movements, including blinking, smiling or swinging your arms when you walk.
  • Speech changes – You may speak softly, quickly, slur or hesitate before talking.
  • Writing changes – It may become hard to write, and your writing may appear small.
Risk factors

One’s risk of developing Parkinson’s Disease can depend on the following factors:

  • Gender – Men are 1.5 times more likely to have PD than women.
  • Age – The risk of PD increases with age, although some people are diagnosed with early-onset PD before the age of 50.
  • Genetics – Most cases occur in patients with no familial link to PD, but some have an inheritance pattern involving certain altered genes that could increase the risk of developing Parkinson’s disease.
  • Environmental causes – Studies have shown a link between exposure to chemicals used in pesticides and herbicides – as well as metals and organic pollutants – and Parkinson’s disease.
  • Head injury – A history of head injuries can increase one’s risk of developing PD.
Complications

Parkinson’s disease is often accompanied by these additional problems, which may be treatable:

  • Thinking difficulties. You may experience cognitive problems (dementia) and thinking difficulties in the later stages of Parkinson’s disease.
  • Depression and emotional changes. You may experience feelings of depression, emotional changes, such as fear, anxiety or loss of motivation.
  • Swallowing problems. You may develop difficulties with swallowing as your condition progresses. Saliva may accumulate in your mouth due to slowed swallowing, leading to drooling.
  • Chewing and eating problems. Late-stage Parkinson’s disease affects the muscles in your mouth, making chewing difficult. This can lead to choking and poor nutrition.
  • Sleep problems and sleep disorders. People with Parkinson’s disease often have sleep problems, disturbed night sleep, waking up early or falling asleep during the day.
  • Bladder problems. Parkinson’s disease may cause bladder problems, including being unable to control urine or having difficulty urinating.
  • Constipation. Many people with Parkinson’s disease develop constipation, mainly due to a slower digestive tract.
Diagnosis

There are currently no blood or lab tests that can be used to diagnose Parkinson’s disease. Neurologists make a diagnosis based on their patient’s medical history and an examination. At least two of the four following symptoms must be present over some time for a neurologist to consider Parkinson’s disease as a diagnosis:

  • Shaking or tremor.
  • Bradykinesia.
  • Stiffness in arms or legs.
  • Balance issues.
Facts About Parkinson’s

1. The cause is unknown and there is no cure.

What causes Parkinson’s remains largely unknown. Directly inheriting the disease is fairly rare. Only about 10 to 15 percent of all cases are thought to be genetic forms of the disease. The other 85 to 90 percent of cases are classified as sporadic (or occasional).

2. People with Parkinson’s can have a good quality life.

Regular medicines, therapy, surgical therapy and lifestyle modifications, like rest and exercise, help manage the disease.

3. No two people have the same symptoms.

The progression of symptoms is often a bit different from one person to another due to the diversity of the disease.

4. Exercise helps manage Parkinson’s symptoms.

For people with Parkinson’s, exercise is a vital component to maintaining balance, mobility and activities of daily living. Exercise and physical activity can improve many Parkinson’s disease symptoms.

5. People with Parkinson’s are not always angry or sad.

Many people with Parkinson’s disease experience facial masking – reduced facial expression. They look serious or depressed but many times it’s just the disease that’s causing muscles in the face to be stiff.

COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness that can spread from person to person. Since most people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are in their senior years, take the below precautions to prevent COVID-19:

  • Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
  • In absence of water use a an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.
  • Disinfect frequently touched surfaces.
  • If you notice any symptoms like cough, shortness of breath or fever seek medical help.
  • Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands.
  • Stay at home.

Keep a stock of your essential medicines and keep your medical history file with your doctor’s details handy in case it is needed in event of a hospitalization.

At Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital we provide comprehensive care from diagnosis to treatment to surgery to rehabilitation for patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease. If you or a loved one are suffering from Parkinson’s disease, seek expert help at our Parkinson’s Clinic. Please find below link for more details:

https://www.kokilabenhospital.com/departments/clinicsatkh/parkinsonsclinic.html

World Battles COVID-19

Tuesday, April 7th, 2020

World Health Day is observed every year on the 7th of April. Let us take a look at the current global crisis – COVID-19. Global statistics show more than 13 lakh confirmed cases of COVID-19 to date and more than 72,000 deaths.

Covid-19 has spread around the planet, sending billions of people into lockdown as health services struggle to cope. The coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest challenge we have faced since World War Two. Why is COVID-19 a pandemic? Pandemic is an escalation and refers to an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people. Since its emergence in Asia late last year, the virus has spread to every continent except Antarctica. Cases are rising daily in Africa the Americas, and Europe.

The US remains the country with the most reported confirmed cases, with more than 337,000, followed by Spain (more than 131,000), Italy (more than 128,000), Germany (more than 100,000) and France (more than 93,000). India has recorded more than 4200 cases so far.

Most cases in India are of people who had a travel history to coronavirus infected countries or had come in contact with a person who had recently travelled abroad, this is called local transmission. As per The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), India has still not reached the stage of community transmission of coronavirus.

Important things to note about COVID-19
  • There is currently no vaccine to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • The best way to prevent illness is to avoid being exposed to this virus.
  • Whilst the virus infects people of all ages, there is evidence that older people (60 and over), and those with underlying health conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer), are at a higher risk.
  • COVID-19 may be spread by people who are not showing symptoms.
How is COVID-19 spread?

The virus is thought to spread mainly from person-to-person.

  • Between people who are in close contact with one another (within about 6 feet).
  • Through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes or talks.
  • These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
  • A person can get COVID-19 by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touching their mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes.
Protect yourself from COVID-19
  • Everyone should frequently wash their hands with soap and water and scrub for at least 20 seconds. Use an alcohol-based sanitizer in the absence of water.
  • Cover your nose and mouth with a disposable tissue or flexed elbow when you cough or sneeze.
  • Stay at home.
  • Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth if your hands are not clean.
  • Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
  • Practice social distancing.
  • Everyone must wear a cloth face cover when they have to go out in public, to buy essentials.
  • Clean AND disinfect frequently touched surfaces daily. This includes tables, doorknobs, light switches, mobile phones, handles, desks, keyboards, etc.
Suspect COVID-19?

People with COVID-19 usually have mild to severe respiratory illness with symptoms of fever, cough, shortness of breath. Some people may have symptoms like muscle aches, headache, sore throat, or diarrhoea. These symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure. If you suspect you have COVID-19 follow these steps:

  • Stay at home and rest.
  • Contact your nearest healthcare provider for testing and further action.
  • Do not visit the hospital without informing in advance.
  • Separate yourself from other people in the home as much as possible.
  • Use a face mask at all times.
  • Ask family members to self-quarantine themselves for 14 days.
  • You can dial the government helpline number 011-23978046 or email to ncov2019@gmail.com for further details on coronavirus.
How is India fighting the pandemic?

The COVID-19 infection rate in India remains relatively low as compared to its 130 crore population size. However, India has acted fast and taken some strict measures at the earliest. India is the world’s second-most populous country and has large numbers of poor living in crowded, unsanitary conditions. Here are the measures taken by India to help contain the spread of coronavirus in the country:

  • All international and domestic air travel is suspended.
  • PM Narendra Modi has declared a 21-day nation-wide lockdown to stop the spread of coronavirus.
  • All schools, colleges, government and private offices are closed.
  • All inter-state bus services and metro services across India are suspended.
  • Everyone has been advised to stay at home.

Strict adherence to lockdown, regular handwashing, and effective measures for social distancing will help contain the spread of this pandemic. We are all together in this fight against coronavirus. Let us support each other. Stay at home and stay safe as doctors, nurses and other support staff work endlessly to fight coronavirus.

World Tuberculosis Day

Monday, March 30th, 2020

About one-quarter of the world’s population is infected with tuberculosis (TB) bacteria. Only a small proportion of those infected will become sick with TB. People with weakened immune systems have a much greater risk of falling ill from TB. A person living with HIV is about 20 times more likely to develop active TB.

What is Tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially serious infectious disease that mainly affects your lungs. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis are spread from one person to another through tiny droplets released into the air via coughs and sneezes.

Once rare in developed countries, tuberculosis infections began increasing in 1985, partly because of the emergence of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. HIV weakens a person’s immune system so it can’t fight the TB germs. Many strains of tuberculosis resist the drugs most used to treat the disease. People with active tuberculosis must take several types of medications for many months to eradicate the infection and prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

Symptoms

Although your body may harbour the bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB), your immune system usually can prevent you from becoming sick. For this reason, doctors make a distinction between:

  • Latent TB. In this condition, you have a TB infection, but the bacteria remain in your body in an inactive state and cause no symptoms. Latent TB, also called inactive TB or TB infection, isn’t contagious. It can turn into active TB, so treatment is important for the person with latent TB and to help control the spread of TB.
  • Active TB. This condition makes you sick and in most cases can spread to others. It can occur in the first few weeks after infection with the TB bacteria, or it might occur years later.

Signs and symptoms of active TB include:

  • Coughing that lasts three or more weeks.
  • Coughing up blood.
  • Chest pain, or pain with breathing or coughing.
  • Unintentional weight loss.
  • Fatigue.
  • Fever.
  • Night sweats.

Tuberculosis can also affect other parts of your body, including your kidneys, spine or brain. When TB occurs outside your lungs, signs, and symptoms vary according to the organs involved. For example, tuberculosis of the spine may give you back pain, and tuberculosis in your kidneys might cause blood in your urine.

Causes

Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria that spread from person to person through microscopic droplets released into the air. This can happen when someone with the untreated, active form of tuberculosis coughs, speaks, sneezes, spits, laughs or sings.

Although tuberculosis is contagious, it’s not easy to catch. You’re much more likely to get tuberculosis from someone you live with or work with than from a stranger. Most people with active TB who’ve had appropriate drug treatment for at least two weeks are no longer contagious.

Risk factors

TB can happen to anyone everywhere. Certain risk factors highly increase your chance of getting TB. These factors include:

Weakened immune system

A healthy immune system often successfully fights TB bacteria. However,a number of diseases, conditions and medications can weaken your immune system, including:

  • HIV/AIDS.
  • Diabetes.
  • Severe kidney disease.
  • Cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy.
  • Cancer.
  • Drugs to prevent rejection of transplanted organs.
  • Malnutrition.
  • Very young or advanced age.
Preventing the Spread of TB

If you have active TB of the lungs, you can infect other people. For that reason, your doctor will tell you to stay home during the first few weeks of treatment, until you’re no longer contagious. During that time, you should avoid public places and people with weakened immune systems, like young children, the elderly, and people with HIV. You’ll have to wear a special mask if you have visitors or need to go to the doctor’s office.

If you have active TB, keep your germs to yourself. Follow these tips to help keep your friends and family from getting sick till you become infection-free:

  • Stay at home.
  • Ventilate the room.
  • Cover your mouth while coughing sneezing.
  • Wear a surgical mask.
Finish your medicines

This is the most important step you can take to protect yourself and others from tuberculosis. When you stop treatment early or skip doses, TB bacteria have a chance to develop mutations that allow them to survive the most potent TB drugs. The resulting drug-resistant strains are much more deadly and difficult to treat.

Vaccinations

Infants often are vaccinated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine because it can prevent severe tuberculosis in children.

Tuberculosis in India

According to the latest report released by the World Health Organisation (WHO) India accounted for 27 per cent of the total TB cases, followed by China with 9 per cent, Indonesia at 8 per cent, Pakistan (6 per cent) and Bangladesh (4 per cent). As per the report 10 million people had TB in 2018. While 26,90,000 people had TB in India, out of which 19,90,000 were notified. According to the report, TB kills 1.5 million every year and is the leading killer of people living with HIV/AIDD and a major cause of deaths due to anti-microbial resistance.

Myths and Facts for Tuberculosis

1. Myth: Tuberculosis happens only to smokers.

Fact: Smokers are predisposed to developing respiratory diseases. However, TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. So smoking increases the risk for developing tuberculosis.

2. Myth: TB is a poor man’s disease.

Fact: In reality, tuberculosis has broken all barriers and can affect anyone irrespective of their socio- financial background and living conditions.

3. Myth: It can be fatal.

Fact: If a patient follows the complete treatment module, then the disease is fully curable.

4. Myth: Tuberculosis is hereditary

Fact: Tuberculosis is NOT hereditary. TB is an airborne disease that is spread when a person with active TB coughs, laughs, sneezes or sings, breathing out tiny infected particles into the air. The particles may then be inhaled by others nearby.

Are you suffering from persistent cough or any other Tuberculosis symptoms? Consult experts at our Department of Pulmonary Medicine for more assistance. Please find below link:

https://www.kokilabenhospital.com/departments/clinicaldepartments/pulmonarymedicine.html

World Kidney Day

Wednesday, March 11th, 2020
What are Kidneys?

The kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are found in your back on either side of the spine. Kidneys are mainly responsible for filtering waste products, excess water, and other impurities out of the blood. These toxins are stored in the bladder and then removed during urination. The kidneys also regulate pH, salt, and potassium levels in the body. They produce hormones that regulate blood pressure and control the production of red blood cells. The kidneys even activate a form of vitamin D that helps the body absorb calcium.

What is kidney disease?

It occurs when your kidneys become damaged and can’t perform their function. Damage may be caused by diabetes, high blood pressure, and various other chronic (long-term) conditions. Kidney disease can lead to other health problems, including weak bones, nerve damage, and malnutrition. If the disease gets worse over time, your kidneys may stop working completely.

What are the types of kidney disease?
Chronic kidney disease

The most common form of kidney disease is chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease is a long-term condition that doesn’t improve over time. It’s commonly caused by high blood pressure. Kidney function will eventually deteriorate to the point where the kidneys can no longer perform their job properly and the patient may need dialysis. 

Diabetes is also a major cause of chronic kidney disease. The increased level of sugar in the blood damages the blood vessels in the kidneys over time. This means the kidneys can’t clean the blood properly. Kidney failure can occur when your body becomes overloaded with toxins.

Kidney stones

Kidney stones are another common kidney problem. They occur when minerals and other substances in the blood crystallize in the kidneys, forming solid masses (stones). Kidney stones usually come out of the body during urination. In some cases, they need medical help.

Polycystic kidney disease

Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder that causes numerous cysts (small sacs of fluid) to grow in the kidneys. These cysts can interfere with kidney function and cause kidney failure. 

Urinary tract infections

Urinary Tract infections (UTIs) are bacterial infections of any part of the urinary system. Infections in the bladder and urethra are the most common. They are easily treatable, however, if left untreated, these infections can spread to the kidneys and cause kidney failure.

What are the symptoms of kidney disease?

Kidney disease is a condition that can easily go unnoticed until the symptoms become severe. The following symptoms are early warning signs that you might be developing kidney disease:

  • Muscle cramping.
  • Swollen feet/ ankles.
  • Puffiness around the eyes in the morning.
  • Dry, scaly skin.
  • Frequent urination.

Severe symptoms that could mean your kidney disease is progressing into kidney failure include:

  • Nausea/ vomiting.
  • Changes in urine output.
  • Fluid retention.
  • Anaemia.
  • Sudden rise in potassium levels. 
What are the risk factors for developing kidney disease?

Here are a few factors that increase your risk of getting a kidney disease:

  • High blood pressure.
  • Uncontrolled diabetes.
  • Heart disease.
  • Family history of chronic kidney disease.
  • Old age.
What is Kidney Failure?

Kidney (renal) failure is when kidneys don’t work as well as they should. The term “kidney failure” covers a lot of problems.

Dialysis and kidney disease

Dialysis is an artificial method of filtering the blood. It’s used when someone’s kidneys have failed or are close to failing. Many people with end-stage kidney disease must go on dialysis permanently or until a donor’s kidney is found.

There are two types of dialysis: Hemodialysis and Peritoneal dialysis.

Hemodialysis

In hemodialysis, the blood is pumped through a special machine that filters out waste products and fluid. Hemodialysis is done at your home or in a hospital or dialysis center.

Peritoneal dialysis

In peritoneal dialysis, the peritoneum (membrane that lines the abdominal wall) stands in for the kidneys. A tube is implanted and used to fill the abdomen with a fluid called dialysate. Waste products in the blood flow from the peritoneum into the dialysate. The dialysate is then drained from the abdomen.

Kidney transplant

A kidney transplant is a surgical procedure to place a healthy kidney from a living or deceased donor into a person whose kidneys no longer function properly. When your kidneys lose this filtering ability, harmful levels of fluid and waste accumulate in your body, which can raise your blood pressure and result in kidney failure (end-stage kidney disease). End-stage renal disease occurs when the kidneys have lost about 90% of their ability to function normally. A kidney transplant can treat chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease to help you feel better and live longer.

Preventing Chronic Kidney Disease

You can protect your kidneys by preventing or managing health conditions that cause kidney damage. Here are a few health tips to keep your kidneys healthy:

1. Make healthy food choices

Choose foods that are healthy for your kidneys. Cut back on salt and sugar and avoid processed foods. Eat whole grains and fresh fruits and vegetables.

2. Make physical activity part of your routine

Be active for 30 minutes or more on most days. Start a workout plan you enjoy like gymming, pilate, running or join an active sport you like playing.

Get enough sleep

Aim for 7 to 8 hours of sleep each night. If you have trouble sleeping, take steps to improve your sleep habits.

3. Stop smoking

Smoking highly increases your risk of kidney disease, quit today.

4. Limit alcohol intake

Drinking too much alcohol can increase your blood pressure and add extra calories, which increases your risk of getting a kidney disease.

5. Explore stress-reducing activities

Take up activities like yoga, meditation or join a hobby to help manage your stress better.

6. Manage diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease

If you have diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease, the best way to protect your kidneys from damage is to keep your numbers in control and to take all medicines as prescribed. 

Are you suffering from any kidney disorders? Do you suspect any symptoms of kidney disease? Consult our highly experienced nephrologists at our Department of Nephrology for more help. Please find below link:

https://www.kokilabenhospital.com/departments/clinicaldepartments/nephrology.html

Coronavirus: How To Stay Safe

Monday, March 9th, 2020
What is coronavirus?

According to the WHO, coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). These viruses were originally transmitted between animals and people. SARS, for instance, was transmitted from civet cats to humans while MERS moved to humans from a type of camel. Coronaviruses are zoonotic diseases, meaning they spread from animals to humans.

The novel coronavirus, identified by Chinese authorities on January 7 and since named COVID-19, is a new strain that had not been previously identified in humans. It is said this virus originated from a seafood market in Wuhan where wildlife was also traded illegally.

As of now, a vaccine has not been formulated for the novel coronavirus. Coronavirus started in China and has affected many people worldwide. It has 106,490 cases to date and has caused 3600 deaths. As per the last record, 39 cases of coronavirus have been reported in India.

What are the symptoms?

According to the WHO, signs of infection include fever, cough, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, it can lead to pneumonia, multiple organ failure, and even death. Current estimates of the incubation period – the amount of time between infection and the onset of symptoms – ranging from one to 14 days. Most infected people show symptoms within five to six days. However, infected patients can also be asymptomatic, meaning they do not display any symptoms despite having the virus in their systems. The elderly, especially those with pre-existing conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and lung disease, may be severely affected by the new virus.

How does the coronavirus spread?

1. Person-to-person spread

The virus is thought to spread mainly from person-to-person.

  • Between people who are in close contact with one another (within about 6 feet).
  • Respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
  • Some spread might be possible before people show symptoms; there have been reports of this occurring with this new coronavirus, but this is not thought to be the main way the virus spreads.

2. Spread from contact with infected surfaces or objects

It may be possible that a person can get COVID-19 by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes.

Coronavirus: Preventive measures

Here are a few important tips to protect yourself and others from coronavirus:

  • Wash your hands: wet your hands with clean, running water and apply soap. Lather your hands, including the backs, between your fingers, and under your nails and scrub for at least 20 seconds. Rinse.
  • If soap and water are not readily available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
  • Maintain high hand hygiene, avoid touching things around when at public places.
  • Avoid going to crowded areas. Avoid touching your eyes nose and mouth.
  • Avoid handshakes and hugs, greet people with a “Namaste”.
  • Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, then throw the tissue in the bin and wash your hands. If you do not have a tissue to hand, cough or sneeze into your elbow rather than your hands. Stay home if you are sick.
  • Avoid close contact with people who are sick. Maintain at least three feet distance between yourself and anyone who is coughing or sneezing.
  • Clean and disinfect frequently-touched objects and surfaces using a regular household cleaner.
  • Face masks offer some protection as they block liquid droplets. However, they do not block smaller aerosol particles that can pass through the material of the mask. The masks also leave the eyes exposed and there is evidence that some viruses can infect a person through the eyes.
  • If visiting live markets in affected areas avoid direct, unprotected contact with live animals and surfaces that have been in contact with animals.
  • If you have returned from an infected area and develop a high temperature, cough, runny nose, sore throat or difficulty breathing do not leave your home until you have been given advice by a doctor.
Face mask

There are many misconceptions regarding the use of a face mask. Here is when you must use a face mask:

  • If you are healthy, you only need to wear a mask if you are taking care of a person with the suspected 2019-nCoV infection.
  • Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing.
  • Masks are effective only when used in combination with frequent hand-cleaning with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
  • If you wear a mask, then you must know how to use it and dispose of it properly.

How to put on, use, take off and dispose of a mask:

  • Before putting on a mask, clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
  • Cover mouth and nose with mask and make sure there are no gaps between your face and the mask.
  • Avoid touching the mask while using it; if you do, clean your hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
  • Replace the mask with a new one as soon as it is damp and do not re-use single-use masks.
  • To remove the mask: remove it from behind (do not touch the front of the mask); discard immediately in a closed bin; clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.

As the coronavirus outbreaks continues, lets us take the necessary precautions to stay safe. Be responsible while sharing information regarding coronavirus and do not believe in rumours shared from unknown sources. Please note coronavirus is currently being tested only at Government approved hospitals in India. You can dial 011-23978046 for the 24X7 control room or email to ncov2019@gmail.com for further details.

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